The most efficient cycle is the Atkinson Cycle, but most gasoline engine makers use the Otto Cycle for higher power and torque. Although rotary engines have a couple of advantages due to their fewer moving parts, there are also a few shortcomings, like poor oil consumption rate and gas mileage. Using statistics collected during the early 1940s, the Santa Fe Railroad measured the efficiency of their fleet of steam locomotives in comparison with the FT units that they were just putting into service in significant numbers. Both engines burn a compressed fuel/air mixture to develop rotational power. Until some breakthrough technology is developed using a ceramic motor which can handle much higher temperatures than steel, we are stuck with internal combustion engines only achieving 20% to 30% in real world applications. The ignited air and fuel combusts (burns at a controlled rate), which drives the rotor around in a clockwise rotation. Most vehicle enthusiasts believe that the traditional piston engines are the only type of engine used in automobiles. The engine is also referred to as the Wankel engine, which was coined from the inventors name Felix Heinrich Wankel. The gas turbine is most efficient at maximum power output in the same way reciprocating engines are most efficient at maximum load. Normally aspirated engines typically run anywhere between 80% and 100% VE. The compression ratio is lower. Wankel engine - Wikipedia Now the bad part. As the crankshaft continues to rotate, it pulls the piston down sucking air into the cylinders. Rxmechanic.com is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for website owners to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. Rotary engines operate with minimal vibrations; hence, their ability to rev high, delivering about 7,000 8,000 RPM. One solution to this issue is to shift the load in a multi-cylinder engine from some of the cylinders (by deactivating them) to the remaining cylinders so that they may operate under higher individual loads and with correspondingly higher effective compression ratios. Looking at the mechanism of both engines, the rotary engine does offer some advantages and disadvantages over the piston engine. 4.4 Power. The spark plug fires to ignite the compressed mixture. [10] Besides the fuel consumption issue, the excessive burning of oil is another challenge with rotary engines to consider. On to the next item: In comparison to a recip, the intake charge (once it is inside the engine) actually travels a long, tortured path. The basic idea is similar to a Wankel rotary, but turned on its head. The valves were quick acting, which reduced the amount of throttling of the steam and resulted in faster response. In earliest steam engines the boiler was considered part of the engine. 12. For this reason, despite their high power to weight ratio, steam turbines have been primarily used in applications where they can be run at a constant speed. . Rotary engines have one thing in common with the piston engine. Both rely on the 4-stroke principle, intake, compression, combustion and exhaust. Under part throttle conditions (i.e. With direct injection this effect is not as dramatic but it can cool down the combustion chamber enough to reduce certain pollutants such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), while raising others such as partially decomposed hydrocarbons.
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rotary engine vs piston engine efficiency